By Hakeem Al Mewat Qari Muhammad Younis Shahid Mayo

1. Metabolic Switch and Cellular Stress Response:
2. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF): BDNF
3. Better Neuronal Plasticity:
4. Reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation:
5. Improved Mitochondrial Function:
6. Potential benefits of neurodegenerative diseases:
7. Cognitive Enhancement and Improved Mood:
8. Personal Considerations and Safety Considerations:
9. Importance of a balanced diet and lifestyle:
10. Ongoing research and future directions:

Fasting is one of the 5 pillars of Islam, which is called Sawm in Arabic. Muslims fast during the holy month of Ramadan in the Islamic year. During the fast, Muslims abstain from eating, drinking, and having intercourse with their wives from dawn to sunset. In order to keep the fast, food is eaten before Sadiq in the morning, which is called Suhri, after which the Fajr prayer is offered, while at the time of sunset, the fast is broken by eating and drinking something with the Maghrib call to prayer, which is called Iftar. The substance of the word Soom is s, v and m. Som in the dictionary means to stop from something

The fascinating effects of fasting on brain function and neuroprotection: 10 key points

1. Metabolic Switch and Cellular Stress Response:
   When food intake stops during fasting, the body shifts its primary fuel source from glucose to stored fat. This metabolic switch activates the cellular stress response, which activates protective mechanisms such as autophagy (a cellular cleaning process) and promotes the production of stress-fighting proteins known as heat shock proteins. These mechanisms help maintain cellular health and resilience in the brain.
2. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF): BDNF
   is an important protein involved in the growth, survival and function of brain cells. Studies show that fasting can significantly increase BDNF levels in the brain. It may help improve cognitive function, learning, memory and possibly promote neurogenesis (the birth of new brain cells) in the hippocampus, an important region for memory and learning.
3. Better Neuronal Plasticity:
4. Neuronal plasticity refers to the brain’s ability to adapt and change throughout life. Fasting has been shown to increase neuronal plasticity by increasing the number of connections between brain cells (synapses). This enhanced plasticity may contribute to better cognitive flexibility, learning and memory formation.
5. Reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation:
   Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, due to an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants, are key drivers of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. Research shows that fasting can reduce both oxidative stress and inflammation in the brain, potentially offering neuroprotective benefits and reducing the risk of neurodegenerative conditions.
6. Improved Mitochondrial Function:
   Mitochondria are the powerhouses of cells, generating energy for various cellular functions. Studies in animal models show that fasting can increase mitochondrial function in the brain, which increases energy production and improves cellular health. It may contribute to better cognitive function and possibly delay age-related cognitive decline.
7. Potential benefits of neurodegenerative diseases:

Although conclusive evidence in humans is still limited, clinical studies suggest that fasting may have therapeutic benefits in neurological disorders. For example, research shows that fasting can improve symptoms and slow the progression of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. However, more research is needed to confirm these findings and establish appropriate fasting protocols for individuals with these conditions.

7. Cognitive Enhancement and Improved Mood: Several studies have reported positive effects of fasting on cognitive function, including improved memory, attention, and information processing speed. Additionally, some studies show that fasting can reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety, possibly due to changes in neurotransmitter levels and increased production of BDNF.
8. Personal Considerations and Safety Considerations:

Although the potential benefits of fasting for the brain are promising, a personalized approach is essential. Factors such as age, health status, and individual needs should be considered before starting any fasting regimen. It is important to consult a healthcare professional beforehand, especially for those with underlying medical conditions or taking medications.

9. Importance of balanced diet and lifestyle: It is important to emphasize that fasting should not be seen as a substitute for a balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle. A nutritious diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains and lean protein is fundamental to brain health. Regular exercise and adequate sleep also play an important role in boosting cognitive function and protecting the brain.
10. Ongoing research and future directions: Research exploring the relationship between fasting, brain function, and neuroprotection is ongoing and evolving. To determine optimal fasting protocols, to better understand the underlying mechanisms, and for different populations